Food Ingredients--PHOSPHATES MONOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE DICALCIUM PHOSPHATE TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE MONOSODIUM PHOSPHATE DISODIUM PHOSPHATE TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE DIPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE TRIPOTASSIUM PHOSPHATE SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE SODIUM ALUMINIUM PHOSPAHTE PHOSPHORIC ACID CALCIUM ACID PYROPHOSPHATE In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthophosphoric acid, a.k.a. phosphoric acid H3PO4.